• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    Device for recovering heat from waste water of a device working with hot water, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfection washer, the device comprising a connection (25) for the supply of fresh water, a connection (26) for the supply of waste water, a connection (27 ) for the discharge of fresh water and a connection (28) for the discharge of the waste water. In order to allow a particularly energy-efficient heating of the fresh water, it is provided that the device has at least one wastewater tank (5, 6) for temporary storage of the waste water and at least one fresh water tank (7, 8) for temporarily storing the fresh water and that a heat exchanger (9) is provided to heat the cached in the fresh water tank (7) fresh water by temperature compensation with the wastewater in the container (5) cached wastewater, and a heat pump (24) to the wastewater in the container (5, 6) cached wastewater residual heat to escape and in the Fresh water tank (7, 8) cached fresh water to further heat to a preferably predetermined maximum temperature
    公开号:AT516597A1
    申请号:T8020/2015
    申请日:2014-12-09
    公开日:2016-06-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Prommegger Leonhard；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HEAT RECOVERY FROM WASTEWATER OF A DEVICE WORKING WITH HOT WATER
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to an apparatus for heat recovery from waste water of a hot water device, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfection dishwasher, the device comprising a connection for the supply of fresh water, a connection for the supply of waste water, a connection for the discharge of fresh water and a connection for the discharge of the wastewater.
    Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a device according to the invention.
    Finally, the present invention relates to a method for heating fresh water by heat recovery from waste water of a device operating with hot water, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfectant.
    STATE OF THE ART
    The heating of water is associated with a considerable expenditure of energy. In addition, this heating is intended to work on devices operating with hot water, e.g. with a washing machine, a dishwasher or a
    Disinfectant, typically as quickly as possible, which is why these devices have heating elements with high performance. These heating elements are, for example, electric heating rods with 2 kW to 2.7 kW power to heat cold fresh water that has been introduced into a container of the device to the required temperature. In washing machines and in particular disinfectant sponges typically maximum temperatures of water of 60 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably to 95 ° C are required.
    Only when the required temperature has been reached does the actual operation, e.g. the actual washing or rinsing program. After completion of this operation, the still warm or hot wastewater is usually simply pumped out of the unit in a sewer. In washing machines is done after pumping this waste water or the wash liquor typically a rinse of the laundry with cold water. For a new cycle or new operation, however, cold fresh water is first re-introduced into the device or its container and then heated anew to the required temperature - again using considerable energy or high performance. Overall, this results in the operation of working with hot water devices that are in daily use worldwide an enormous need for - mostly electrical - energy and performance.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method which make possible a more energy-efficient, in particular an energy and power-saving heating of fresh water. In particular, the solution according to the invention should also be usable for existing devices working with hot water.
    PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
    In order to achieve this object, according to the invention, heat is recovered from the waste water of the device operating with hot water.
    In order to be able to accomplish this not only energy but also power-saving, both the waste water of the device and the fresh water to be heated to a maximum temperature are temporarily stored in containers. This makes it possible to extract heat from the wastewater in several steps.
    On the one hand, heat equalization between the wastewater and the fresh water can first be carried out via a heat exchanger. If the wastewater is e.g. has about 60 ° C temperature, heating of the fresh water to typically 30 ° C to 35 ° C can be carried out over the heat exchanger with more or less equal amounts of waste water and fresh water, depending on the starting temperature of the fresh water. The advantage of this heat balance is that this process is relatively fast.
    In most cases, however, the desired maximum temperature of the fresh water will be significantly higher than the temperature achievable by means of heat compensation. To reach this maximum temperature, e.g. 60 ° C in the above example, now the waste water can be removed again in a very energy-efficient manner by using a heat pump the wastewater residual heat withdrawn and the fresh water is further heated to the maximum temperature.
    Therefore, in a waste heat recovery apparatus of a hot water type apparatus, particularly a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfectant washer, the apparatus comprising a fresh water supply port, a waste water supply port, a discharge port of fresh water and a connection for the discharge of the waste water, according to the invention provided that the device has at least one wastewater tank for temporary storage of wastewater and at least one fresh water tank for temporary storage of fresh water and that a heat exchanger is provided to the cached in the fresh water tank fresh water by temperature compensation with the to heat in the wastewater tank cached wastewater, and a heat pump to extract the residual heat stored in the wastewater tank wastewater and in the fresh water tank z wipe stored fresh water further to a, preferably predetermined maximum temperature to heat.
    Analogously, it is provided according to the invention in a method for heating fresh water by heat recovery from waste water of a device working with hot water, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfection washer, that the method comprises the following steps: - temporarily storing the waste water and the fresh water; - Heating the fresh water by heat exchange between the wastewater and the fresh water; - Further heating of the fresh water to a, preferably predeterminable maximum temperature by means of a heat pump, wherein the waste heat with the heat pump is withdrawn residual heat.
    The terminals of the device according to the invention, e.g. Designed to screw with the appropriate connections of the device and the usual house installation, allow easy use of the device with the existing existing equipment. That the existing washing machines, dishwashers,
    Desinfectant etc. do not need to be replaced, which is not only for households or private users, but also for commercial users of great advantage. Accordingly, according to the invention, the use of a device according to the invention as a working with hot water device, in particular from the washing machine, the dishwasher or the disinfectant, separate device is provided, which is supplied via the connection for the supply of fresh water to be reheated fresh water of the device, wherein on the Connection for the supply of the waste water the waste water of the device is supplied, whereby further over the connection for the removal of fresh water the device fresh water, which has been heated with the device, is supplied and whereby over the connection for the discharge of the sewage waste water, which is not removed from the device for heat recovery or is no longer used.
    It should be noted, however, that the device according to the invention can in principle also be integrated into devices operating with hot water, ie that new devices with integrated devices according to the invention can be produced. Therefore, according to the invention, a device operating with hot water, in particular a washing machine, dishwasher or disinfecting dishwasher, comprising a device according to the invention is also provided.
    If there is already wastewater in at least one wastewater tank, so should be routed for efficiency reasons only further wastewater from the device in the wastewater tank, if this further wastewater has a higher temperature than the already located in the wastewater tank wastewater. To ensure this, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that a separation vessel for temporary storage of wastewater is provided, wherein the separation vessel is connected upstream of the at least one wastewater container, only to direct wastewater from the separation vessel into the wastewater container, if the wastewater in the separation tank is warmer than the wastewater in the wastewater tank. Otherwise, the waste water from the separation tank can be routed directly into a sewer pipe of the domestic installation.
    Analogously, it is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention that wastewater is cached to replace already cached wastewater, the wastewater is only cached when it is warmer than the already cached wastewater.
    In order to avoid contamination or even blockage of lines of the device for the wastewater, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that a wastewater filter upstream of the at least one wastewater container is provided. If a separation vessel is present, the wastewater filter is preferably also connected upstream of the separation vessel, so that the separation vessel or the lines leading to it can not be contaminated or blocked.
    Analogously, it is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention that the wastewater is filtered before the caching.
    In order to provide the largest possible effective surface for the heat exchange between wastewater and fresh water, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that it is a plate heat exchanger in the heat exchanger.
    Since the wastewater will always have a certain amount of contamination, even if the wastewater is filtered, special attention must be paid to ensuring that the heat exchanger does not become clogged. For plate heat exchangers, this is particularly easy to do by adjusting the spacing of the plates on the wastewater side. Accordingly, it is therefore provided in a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that those spaces between plates of the plate heat exchanger, which are provided for the flow of the waste water, are made larger than those gaps between the plates of the plate heat exchanger, which provided for the flow of fresh water are.
    By buffering waste water and fresh water, the warming of the fresh water can thus, as it were, be kept in stock during a running operation of the device. This, in turn, allows fresh water with additional heating elements, if necessary, to an even higher, second maximum temperature - e.g. to well over 60 ° C such as up to 70 ° C, up to 80 ° C, up to 90 ° C or up to 95 ° C - bring without high performance of the heating elements would be required. That to reach this second maximum temperature, there is enough time to get along with relatively low heat outputs. The use of additional heating elements for heating the fresh water at least from the maximum temperature to the second maximum temperature can be more energy efficient than the use of the heat pump. It is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that at least one heating element, preferably at least one electric heating element is arranged in the at least one fresh water tank to the cached in the fresh water tank fresh water to a second maximum temperature which is greater than the first maximum temperature and preferably is specifiable to continue to heat.
    Analogously, it is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention that the fresh water is further heated to a second maximum temperature which is greater than the first maximum temperature and which is preferably predetermined, with at least one heating element.
    To optimize energy efficiency, it is necessary to prevent cooling of the wastewater or heated fresh water by heat exchange with the environment. It is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, that the at least one fresh water tank and / or the at least one waste water tank are made heat-insulating and preferably have a heat-insulating layer. The heat-insulating layer may be, for example, an evacuated or gas-filled layer between an inner wall and an outer wall of the respective container. Alternatively or additionally, the respective container can be made at least in sections from a known heat-insulating material. As the heat insulating material, e.g. a foamed, such as a foamed plastic, in particular foamed polyurethane, are used or e.g. a microporous material.
    When warm water is introduced into a container of cold water to replace the cold water in the container, mixing of the warm water with the cold water should be avoided for reasons of energy efficiency, otherwise unwanted cooling of the warm water would occur. This problem occurs e.g. then, when new, warm wastewater from the device in the at least one waste water tank, which is filled with cooler wastewater, is passed to replace the cooler wastewater. The cooler wastewater may be cooler because it is already in-house, i. already coming from the device was cooler or because heat was already removed by heat exchange and / or by means of the heat pump. In order to avoid mixing of the warm, entering into the container water with the cool water already in the container, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that the at least one fresh water tank and / or the at least one wastewater tank in an inner Volume for receiving the
    Fresh water or wastewater has a separating body, which is along a guide between an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the fresh water or wastewater back and forth movable. In this case, the separating body is arranged on the guide in the region of the inlet opening facing the end in an initial position. As the warm water enters the internal volume through the inlet, it moves the separator so that it shifts along the guide towards the outlet to an end position. In turn, the separating body displaces water, which was already in the inner volume, from the inner volume by this water is pressed by the separating body through the outlet opening.
    For this process to be repeated, the separating body must be able to be returned from its final position to its starting position. To make this possible, the water that has entered the inner volume through the inlet opening must be able to pass through the separating body or be guided past the separating body. Therefore, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, that the separating body divides the inner volume into two partial volumes, wherein at least one passage opening is provided, through which the fresh water or wastewater can pass from one partial volume into the other partial volume. Thus, the water that has entered through the inlet opening can pass from the partial volume in which the inlet opening is arranged into the partial volume in which the outlet opening is arranged, which in turn makes it possible to move the separating element back into its starting position along the guide in the direction of the inlet opening.
    It should be noted that it can come through the at least one passage opening to a certain mixing of the warm water from one sub-volume with the cool water in the other sub-volume. However, this can
    Mixing be kept very small by the size of the at least one passage opening can be kept small. The latter is in turn possible because the movement of the separating body back to its original position does not generally have to be extremely rapid.
    In order to realize the at least one passage opening particularly easily, it is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, that the at least one passage opening is formed as a gap between the separating body and an inner wall delimiting the inner volume.
    In order to move the separating body again and again from its end position to its starting position, means for moving the separating body are provided. These agents may e.g. include a spring. A particularly elegant, because easy to implement possibility is to use as a means of movement, the gravity. For this purpose, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that the outlet opening is arranged above the inlet opening and that the mass of the separating body is greater than the mass of the fresh water or waste water displaced by it. Since the guide of the separating body extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, the separating body is thus necessarily at least partially moved by the acting from top to bottom gravity along the guide in the direction of its initial position from top to bottom. For example, if the guide consists of a continuous top-to-bottom tube, e.g. can be arranged vertically or obliquely, the separating body is moved along the entire guide continuously by gravity from top to bottom. The separating body is dimensioned such that the water flowing in through the inlet opening lifts the separating body and displaces it along the guide in the direction of the outlet opening. As soon as the inflow of water stops, the separator begins to sink.
    It should be noted that the use of containers according to the invention with a separating body is not limited to the inventive device for heat recovery. These containers may also be used elsewhere whenever a liquid in the container is to be at least partially replaced by a "different" liquid, ie by a liquid having, for example, another temperature or else another chemical composition, with as few as possible or only one All the above statements apply analogously to a general container - not restricted to fresh water containers or wastewater containers - for holding a liquid - not restricted to fresh water or wastewater, ie in particular according to the invention a container is provided which has an internal volume for receiving a liquid, wherein in the inner volume a separating body is arranged, which is movable along a guide between an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the liquid and forth the inner volume in two sub-volumes, wherein at least one passage opening is provided, through which the liquid can pass from one sub-volume into the other sub-volume.
    Preferably, the at least one passage opening is formed as a gap between the separating body and an inner wall delimiting the inner volume. Preferably, the outlet opening is arranged above the inlet opening and the mass of the separating body is greater than the mass of the liquid displaced by it. Preferably, the container is designed heat-insulating and particularly preferably has a heat-insulating layer.
    Finally, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that two successively connected wastewater tank and two successively connected fresh water tank are provided to heat the fresh water in one of the two fresh water tank by heat exchange with the wastewater in one of the two waste water tanks and the fresh water in the other to heat the two fresh water tank by removing the residual heat of the waste water in the other of the two wastewater tank on. That during the heat exchange between the fresh water in the one fresh water tank and the wastewater in the one wastewater tank, the further heating of the fresh water in the other fresh water tank can be done by heat pump, being withdrawn with the heat pump wastewater in the other wastewater tank residual heat. Overall, a larger, essentially twice the amount of heated fresh water can thus be made available in the same time, which is of great advantage if there is a high demand for hot water through one or several hot water units.
    Analogously, it is therefore provided in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention that the wastewater and the fresh water are cached in the heating of the fresh water by heat exchange in containers and that the waste water and the fresh water in the heating of the fresh water by means of heat pump, with the heat pump the Wastewater residual heat is withdrawn, cached in other containers.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments. The drawings are exemplary and should be the
    Although set out the idea of the invention, it does not restrict or even reproduce it in any way.
    Showing:
    Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a device according to the invention with a waste water tank and a fresh water tank
    Fig. 2 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of the device according to the invention with two wastewater tanks and two fresh water tanks
    Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a sewage or fresh water tank
    WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
    Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is optimized for working with hot water devices, especially washing machines, dishwashers or disinfectant, which have only a cold water connection, but no hot water connection. The device is a separate device from the device and has a connection 26 for the supply of waste water of the device. It may be a conventional screw connection that is suitable for connection to a sewage hose of the device. About a sewer line 1, the waste water is first passed through a wastewater filter 23 to filter out impurities in the wastewater, which could lead to clogging of the sewer 1 or other parts of the device. In FIG. 1, arrows indicate the direction of flow.
    Reciprocators 15 known per se ensure that the respective flow direction is always maintained. If the wastewater in the separation tank 4 is cooler than a predetermined basic temperature and / or as waste water, which is already in a waste water tank 5, the wastewater from the separation tank 4 to a Port 28 headed for the discharge of wastewater. Through the port 28, which may be a conventional screw, the wastewater then enters the existing at the site of installation of the device sewer system, typically in the sewer system of an existing domestic installation. To determine the respective waste water temperature, temperature sensors (not shown) are provided in the separation tank 4 and in the waste water tank 5, the measured values being evaluated by a control unit (not shown).
    If the waste water in the separation tank 4 is warmer than the waste water in the waste water tank 5, it is pumped by a pump 14 into the waste water tank 5
    Furthermore, the device has a connection 25 for the supply of fresh water to be heated, with which the device is connected to the existing at the site fresh water supply or fresh water line 2, this fresh water supply provides cold fresh water available. The connection can also be made with a conventional hose connection. The fresh water to be heated is cached in a fresh water tank 7, which also has a temperature sensor (not shown). The fresh water tank 7 is designed as the waste water tank 5 as a pressure vessel.
    In principle, the device is also connected to the fresh water line 2. As shown in Fig. 1, a three-way mixing valve 17 is provided, in which opens both the fresh water line 2 and a fresh water line 3 for heated by means of the device fresh water. Accordingly, a connection 27 for the discharge of (heated) fresh water to the mixing valve 17 is connected. That via the mixing valve 17, the device not only cold fresh water from the fresh water line 2, but also heated fresh water from the fresh water line 3 are supplied.
    The control unit now compares the temperature of the waste water in the waste water tank 5 with the temperature of the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7. If the temperature of the waste water in the waste water tank 5 is higher than the temperature of the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7, via a
    Plate heat exchanger 9, a heat exchange, the waste water and the fresh water via pumps 14 to the plate heat exchanger 9 and returned from this back into the waste water tank 5 and the fresh water tank 7. Preferably, the plate heat exchanger 9 for the wastewater has a larger passage cross-section than for the fresh water, since the wastewater despite filtering fine fibers or particles can carry with it, especially if it is waste water from a washing machine. The larger passage cross section is to the risk of clogging by applying these impurities to the inner walls of the
    Prevent plate plate heat exchanger 9 or at least reduce.
    At the latest when a temperature compensation has taken place and the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7 has the same temperature as the waste water in the waste water tank 5, the heat exchange process is stopped. Of course, if a predeterminable maximum temperature has already been reached in the fresh water tank 7, the heat exchange process can already be stopped beforehand.
    In the following, it is assumed that the predetermined maximum temperature e.g. 60 ° C. Has at the beginning of the heat exchange process, the wastewater in the wastewater tank 5, for example, about 60 ° C and the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7 about 12 ° C, then, if the respective amount of water in the containers 5, 7 is approximately equal, after the heat exchange process in two containers 5, 7 prevail a temperature of less than or equal to 36 ° C. Due to inevitable losses in practice, the temperature will be about 30 ° C to 35 ° C.
    In order to heat the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7 further to the predetermined maximum temperature of 60 ° C, a heat pump 24 is now used with which the wastewater in the waste water tank 5 residual heat is withdrawn. The heat pump 24 works in a conventional manner and includes the following, known per se components: an evaporator 11, a compressor 12, an expansion valve 13 and a capacitor 10. By the use of the heat pump 24 for heating to the maximum temperature is the Electricity network charged much less than if the heating would be done only by conventional Elektroheizstäbe. In order to supply the fresh water and wastewater either the plate heat exchanger 9 or the heat pump 24, known directional valves 16 are provided.
    If the device requires a second maximum temperature of the fresh water, which is even higher than the first maximum temperature, this second maximum temperature can either be generated in the device itself or additional heating elements, in particular electric heating elements (not shown) can be provided in the fresh water tank 7 for this purpose. Since the water in the fresh water tank 7 is preferably heated during a running washing or rinsing cycle of the device, heating elements can be installed with a much lower power than usual, because until the next time the device is filled with fresh water, a certain time, namely the duration of the currently running Cycle ', is available.
    In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the device is also a device separate from the device, but no mixing valve 17 is provided, since it is assumed in the example shown that the working with hot water device, in particular the washing machine, both a connection for cold fresh water, which eg is used for rinsing, as well as a connection for hot or hot fresh water, which is e.g. is used for the actual washing process has. The connection for hot fresh water is connected via a check valve 18 to the terminal 27 of the device or. The device gets according as needed cold fresh water via the fresh water line 2 or hot fresh water via the fresh water line 3. Preferably, a temperature control provided by the control unit is provided, wherein the control unit also controls the check valve 18 to prevent too hot water to the device is supplied. The temperature control can be set by the user.
    One possibility for operating the embodiment of the device according to FIG. 1 with a device which has only one cold water connection is that the control unit comprises time programming in addition to a temperature control and correspondingly activates the three-way mixing valve 17. The temperature control and time programming can be set by the user. In this way, hot or cold fresh water can be supplied to the device as needed.
    The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 further in that a second waste water tank 6 and a second fresh water tank 8 are provided. The second waste water tank 6 is behind the
    Sewage tank 5 connected, the second fresh water tank 8 behind the fresh water tank 7. This allows for a larger amount of heated water in the same time
    To make available, since parallel heat exchange and further heating by means of the heat pump 24 done. Specifically, the fresh water in the fresh water tank 7 is heated by heat exchange with the waste water in the waste water tank 5, while the fresh water in the second fresh water tank 8 by means of the heat pump 24 by removing the residual heat of the waste water in the second waste water tank 6 is further heated.
    At the beginning of the entire warm-up process, the fresh water tank 7 is filled with cold fresh water. If hot wastewater now flows from the device into the separation tank 4, the control unit compares the temperature of the wastewater in the separation tank 4 with the temperature of the wastewater in the wastewater tank 5. Is the temperature of the waste water in the separation tank 4 higher than that of the wastewater tank 5 - and also higher than a predetermined basic temperature -, the wastewater is pumped from the separation tank 4 in the waste water tank 5. Otherwise, the waste water from the separation tank is pumped directly to port 28.
    Now, the control unit compares the temperature of the waste water in the tank 5 with that of the fresh water in the tank
    Fresh water tank 7. If the waste water temperature is higher than that of the fresh water, the heat exchange begins by means of the plate heat exchanger 9. After a short time, the heat exchange ends when the same temperature is reached in the containers 5, 7. The thus heated fresh water is now passed from the fresh water tank 7 in the second fresh water tank 8 when hot fresh water from the second fresh water tank 8 is removed.
    If hot wastewater again flows from the separation tank 4 into the wastewater tank 5, the wastewater contained therein is displaced and directed into the second wastewater tank 6.
    If the temperature of the fresh water in the second fresh water tank 8 is below the predetermined maximum temperature of for example 60 ° C, the fresh water in the second fresh water tank 8 is heated to the maximum temperature by means of the heat pump 24. In this case, the wastewater in the second wastewater tank 6 is withdrawn residual heat.
    When warm water flows into a container, it is desirable that the warm water does not mix as much as possible with cool water in the container. This is e.g. the case when hot waste water from the separation tank 4 is pumped into the waste water tank 5 or wastewater from the waste water tank 5 in the waste water tank 6, where already cooler wastewater is cached. However, the same problem can also arise for the fresh water, if at the beginning of the entire warm-up process in the second fresh water tank 8 cold fresh water is present and to be displaced by fresh water, which was heated in the fresh water tank 7 by heat exchange.
    In order to avoid the mixing of hot and cold water in the containers as far as possible in each case a separator 19 is provided in the containers. Fig. 3 illustrates this in a schematic sectional view. The containers 5, 6, 7, 8 are made heat-insulating with a heat-insulating layer 32 between an inner wall 20 and an outer wall 21. The heat-insulating layer 32 is in the illustrated embodiment, an evacuated space between the inner wall 20 and the outer wall 21st
    The inner wall 20 defines an inner volume 33 of the container 5, 6, 7, 8, in which the wastewater or fresh water is temporarily stored. In the inner volume 33, a central tube 22 is arranged vertically, which serves as a guide for the separating body 19. The separating body 19 has a corresponding guide piece 30, which is designed as a piece of pipe and the central tube 22 at least partially encloses and with which the separating body 19 on the central tube 22 can slide up and down. At the lower end of the central tube 22, an inlet opening 29 is arranged in the central tube 22, through which preferably warm wastewater or fresh water can enter into the inner volume 33.
    In the embodiment shown, the central tube 22 exits from the container 5, 6, 7, 8 at its top and bottom and ends each immediately thereafter. At the upper end, the central tube 22 has an external thread for a connection fitting, at the lower end, the central tube 22 may have an internal or external thread to be closed with a screw or a lock nut, or the central tube 22 is closed at the bottom ( not shown).
    The separating body 19 is dimensioned so that it is slightly heavier than the amount of water displaced by it, so that it basically sinks to the ground. Now, when water passes through the inlet opening 29, the separating body is pushed by the inflowing water upwards. The water located above the separating body 19 is thereby pressed outwards through the separating body 19 and thus out of the inner volume 33 by an overflow 31 arranged in the upper region of the container 5, 6, 7, 8. The separating body 19 thus acts as a barrier between the inflowing water and the water located above the separating body 19 and thereby prevents mixing. In order to again allow a lowering of the separating body 19 by its own weight, a passage opening in the form of a gap 34 between the inner wall 20 and the separating body 19 is provided, can pass through the water. That the separator 19 is not close to the inner wall 20 at.
    REFERENCE LIST 1 Wastewater line 2 Fresh water line for cold fresh water 3 Fresh water line for hot fresh water 4 Separating tank 5 Waste water tank 6 Second sewage tank 7 Fresh water tank 8 Second fresh water tank 9 Plate heat exchanger 10 Condenser 11 Evaporator 12 Compressor 13 Expansion valve 14 Pump 15 Non-return valve 16 Directional valve 17 Three-way mixing valve 18 Check valve 19 Separator 20 Inner wall 21 Outer wall 22 Central tube 23 Wastewater filter 24 Heat pump 25 Connection for the supply of fresh water 26 Connection for the supply of wastewater 27 Connection for the removal of fresh water 28 Connection for the discharge of waste water 29 Inlet 30 Guide piece of separator 31 Overflow 32 Heat insulating layer 33 Inside Volume of sewage or
    Fresh water tank 34 gap
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    A device for heat recovery from waste water of a device operating with hot water, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfection spinner, the device comprising a connection (25) for the supply of fresh water, a connection (26) for the supply of waste water, a connection (27) for the removal of fresh water and a connection (28) for the discharge of the waste water, characterized in that the device at least one wastewater container (5, 6) for temporarily storing the waste water and at least one fresh water tank (7, 8) for temporary storage of the Fresh water has and that a heat exchanger (9) is provided to heat the cached in the fresh water tank (7) fresh water by temperature compensation with the wastewater in the container (5) wastewater, and a heat pump (24) to which in the waste water tank (5, 6 ) to remove residual heat from cached wastewater d to heat the fresh water tank (7, 8) cached fresh water further to a preferably predetermined maximum temperature.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a separation vessel (4) is provided for temporary storage of waste water, wherein the separation vessel (4) is connected upstream of the at least one waste water tank (5, 6) to only wastewater from the separation tank (4 ) into the waste water tank (5, 6), when the waste water in the separation tank (4) is warmer than the waste water in the waste water tank (5, 6).
    [3]
    3. Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the at least one wastewater container (5, 6) upstream wastewater filter (23) is provided.
    [4]
    4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is in the heat exchanger to a plate heat exchanger (9).
    [5]
    Device according to claim 4, characterized in that those spaces between plates of the plate heat exchanger (9) provided for the passage of the waste water are made larger than those spaces between the plates of the plate heat exchanger (9) necessary for the flow of the water Fresh water are provided.
    [6]
    6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in at least one fresh water tank (7, 8) at least one heating element, preferably at least one electric heating element is arranged to the fresh water in the container (7, 8) cached fresh water to a second Maximum temperature, which is greater than the first maximum temperature and which is preferably predetermined to continue to heat.
    [7]
    7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one fresh water tank (7, 8) and / or the at least one waste water tank (5, 6) are designed heat-insulating and preferably have a heat-insulating layer (32).
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one fresh water tank (7, 8) and / or the at least one waste water tank (5, 6) in an inner volume (33) for receiving the fresh water or waste water a separating body (19), which along a guide (22) between an inlet opening (29) and an outlet opening (31) for the fresh water or wastewater is movable back and forth.
    [9]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the separating body (9) divides the inner volume (33) into two partial volumes, wherein at least one passage opening (34) is provided, through which the fresh water or wastewater from one partial volume into the other Partial volume can occur.
    [10]
    10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one passage opening as a gap (34) between the separating body (9) and an inner volume (33) defining the inner wall (20) is formed.
    [11]
    11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the outlet opening (31) via the inlet opening (29) is arranged and that the mass of the separating body (9) is greater than the mass of displaced by him fresh water or wastewater ,
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that two successively connected wastewater containers (5, 6) and two successively connected fresh water tank (7, 8) are provided to the fresh water in one of the two fresh water tank (7, 8) by heat exchange with the waste water in one of the two waste water tanks (5, 6) to heat and the fresh water in the other of the two fresh water tank (7, 8) by removing the residual heat of the waste water in the other of the two waste water tanks (5, 6) to heat further.
    [13]
    13. Working with hot water device, in particular washing machine, dishwasher or disinfectant, comprising a device according to one of claims 1 to 12.
    [14]
    14. Use of a device according to one of claims 1 to 12 as one of working with hot water device, in particular of the washing machine, the dishwasher or the disinfectant, separate device, wherein on the connection (25) for the supply of fresh water to be reheated fresh water of the device is fed, wherein via the connection (26) for the supply of waste water, the waste water of the device is supplied, and further supplied via the connection (27) for the discharge of fresh water to the device fresh water which has been heated with the device, and wherein waste water, which is not or no longer used for heat recovery, is discharged from the device via the waste water discharge port (28).
    [15]
    15. A method for heating fresh water by heat recovery from waste water of a device operating with hot water, in particular a washing machine, a dishwasher or a disinfection dishwasher, the method comprising the following steps: - temporarily storing the waste water and the fresh water; - Heating the fresh water by heat exchange between the wastewater and the fresh water; - Further heating of the fresh water to a, preferably predeterminable maximum temperature by means of a heat pump (24), wherein with the heat pump (24) the wastewater residual heat is withdrawn.
    [16]
    16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that wastewater is temporarily stored in order to replace already cached wastewater, wherein the wastewater is cached only when it is warmer than the already cached wastewater.
    [17]
    17. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 16, characterized in that the wastewater is filtered before the caching.
    [18]
    18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the fresh water is heated to a second maximum temperature which is greater than the first maximum temperature and which is preferably predetermined, is further heated with at least one heating element.
    [19]
    19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the waste water and the fresh water in the heating of the fresh water by heat exchange in containers (5, 7) are cached and that the waste water and the fresh water in the heating of the fresh water by means of heat pump (24), wherein with the heat pump (24) the wastewater residual heat is removed, in other containers (6, 8) are cached.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT516597B1|2018-04-15|
    DE212015000085U1|2016-12-20|
    AT515504A1|2015-09-15|
    WO2015136069A1|2015-09-17|
    AT515504B1|2016-10-15|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50188/2014A|AT515504B1|2014-03-14|2014-03-14|Flat component|
    ATA8020/2015A|AT516597B1|2014-03-14|2014-12-09|Apparatus and method for heat recovery from waste water of a device operating with hot water|ATA8020/2015A| AT516597B1|2014-03-14|2014-12-09|Apparatus and method for heat recovery from waste water of a device operating with hot water|
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